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初中英语300组常用词语辨析(29)

作者:李建江李开茂 来源:k12zy.com时间:2006-10-09 查看

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She has been in Shanghai for a few weeks.

Ⅲ. have gone to … 表示:“去了”指人已经走了,(至少目前不在说话的地点,在去的途中或已经到目的地)。如:

Kate isn’t at home, She has gome to school. 凯特不在家,她上学去了。(在路上或已经在学校了)。

She isn’t here, she has gone to Nanjing. 她不在这儿,她去南京了。

§214  have sth done/ have sb done/have sb do sth/ have sb(sth) doing/ have sb(sth) +prep

Ⅰ. have sth done “让某事被做”如:

I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要去理发。(让别人理)。

Ⅱ. have sh done。“让某人被……”如:

He had me whipped. 他叫人用鞭子打我。(让别人打)

Ⅲ. have sb do sth. “让某人做某事”如:

I will have Uncle Wang repair my TV. 我要让王叔叔修理我的电视机。

Ⅳ. have sb./ sth. doing “让某人/ 某物处于某种状态。如:

Don’t have the students studying all day. 别整天让学生們学习。

They had the machine working all day and all night. 他们让这机器整日整夜地工作。

Ⅴ. have sb./ sth. +介词短语或副词,如:

The teacher had her students in the classroom.老师让学生留在教室里。

Have her here! 让她到这儿来。

§215  have to / must

Ⅰ. have to “必须”往往着重于客观的需要,含有不得不的意味。如:

Do you have to see a doctor today? 你今天要去看医生吗?

It was late and we have to stay at home. 时间已晚,我们只得呆在家里。

Ⅱ. must “必须 ”往往着重于主观上认为有义务,有必要。如:

We must work hard. 我们必须努力工作。

We must go. 我必须去。

§216  have/ own

Ⅰ. have “有”表人与物/人,物与物之间存在的“所有;所属”的关系。有时人不一定是物/人的主人。如:

I have an English book here. 我这儿有一本英语书。

Do you have any money with you? 你带有钱吗?

Ⅱ. own 用于较正式场合,强调“(合法地)拥有”某物的所有权,主语一定是该物的主人。如:

I own a bike. 我有一辆自行车。

Who owns the car? 这辆小汽车是谁的?

§217  head/ brains

Ⅰ. head 指外表看得见的,有形的“头”。如:

Don’t hit the boy on the head. 别打那孩子的头。

Ⅱ. brains 指抽象的,无形的“脑力、智力”。

[注]use one’s head 和 use one’s brains含义基本相同。brains 常作单数看。

§218  hear/ hear of/ hear from

Ⅰ. hear “听见”指听力,强调听的结果。如:

I often hear Lucy sing in the next room.

Ⅱ. hear of “听说”强调间接听到有关某人的情况或得到消息。有时可用about 代替of,意义无多大的区别。如:

We are all glad to hear of your success. 听到你成功的消息,我们都很高兴。

Have you heard of her lately? 你最近听到她什么情况吗?

Ⅲ. hear from “接到……的来信(电话等)”如:

Hope to hear from you soon. 希望你早点来信。

We have not heard from him since he left. 自从他离开后,我们一直没有收到他的来信。

§219  hear/ listen

Ⅰ. hear “听到”强调听的结果。不一定是有意识的。如:

Can you hear me? 你能听见我说话吗?

I heard her voice but I didn’t bother to listen to what he was saying. 我听到了她的声音,但并不用心去听她说的是什么。

Ⅱ. listen “听”强调倾听的动作,当然未必能听到什么。是不及物动词,接宾语时常与介词to连用。如:

Listen! What do you hear what she is saying? 听!你听见她在说些什么?

We listened attentively for a long time but heard nothing. 我们仔细地听了半天,但什么也没听到。

§220  heaven/ sky

Ⅰ. heaven “天、天国、天堂”与earth和 hell(地狱)相对。在文学语言中,它也可以指天空,常用算数形式。如:

The commune members are fighting heaven and earth. 社员们在战天斗地。

He looked at the starry heavens = He is looking at starry sky. 他瞧着布满星星的天空。

Ⅱ. sky “天、天空”,一般用作单数。但在文学语言中,有时也用算数形式(skies).如:

There were no clouds in the sky. 天上没有云。

Bitter sacrifice strengtnens bold resolve .Which dares to make sun and moon shine in new skies.

为有牺牲多斗志,敢教日月换新天。 (毛泽东)

§221  high/ tall

Ⅰ. high “高(的)”,普通用语。与low 相对。指块状物体的高度。主要指本身比一般同类东西较高,或指所处位置较高。如:

That’s a very high mountain. 那是一座很高的山。

He looked at the high ceiling. 他望着高高的天花板。

Ⅱ. tall “高的”,常与short相对,也指同类中较高的,尤其是表示高度远远超过宽度或直径。即指细长物体的高度。因此可以指人,也可指物。当指物时,往往可与high 通用。但不可指山,或大型建筑物。如:

She is rather tall. 她相当高。

We can see the tall (high) tower. 我们可以看到那个高塔。

§222  hill/ mountain

Ⅰ. hill “小山”通常比mountain 小。如:

I went down the hill. 我从山上走下来。

The house stands on the top of a hill. 房子在山顶上。

Ⅱ. mountain “高山”,比hill大。如:

We made our way up the mountain. 我们登山。

He was brought up in the mountain. 他在山里长大的。

§223 help with / help…with.

Ⅰ. help with “帮助”后面直接跟名词。如:

Jones will help with the concert. 琼斯将帮助搞音乐会。

The children are helping with the housework. 孩子们正在帮助做家务。

Ⅱ. help …with. “帮助某人做某事”即help st with sth. 如:

May I help you with your luggage? 我帮你拿行李好吗?

My father used to help me with my lessons. 父亲过去常常帮助我做功课。

§224  human being/ man / person/ people

Ⅰ. human being “人类”,可数名词,算数为human beings. 意义较具体,以区别于动物、鬼神之类。如: 本文文档版下载:http://www.k12zy.com/44/31/443165.htm


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文件名称 初中英语300组常用词语辨析(29)
资源类型 论文
资源学科 外语
资源层次 初中
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文档作者 Ljj,Lkm
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创建时间 2006-10-6 13:09:00
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